Better grade of concretewith lower w/c ratio and well compacted. A polymeric coating isapplied to the concrete member to keep out aggressive agents. A polymeric coatingis applied to the reinforcing bars to protect them from moisture and aggressiveagents. Fly Ash – Using a Fly Ash concrete with very lowpermeability, which will delay the arrival of …
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Thecontract documents in order of importance are follows Form ofcontract This is theprincipal document and will often be a printed standard form, such as one ofthe variants of the JCT Form. TheArticles of Agreement TheConditions Total contractsum Condition ofcontracts The conditionof contract is represent the legally binding agreement between the parties andcover such important as …
“Construction Economics is the construction Project to study of how individuals and groups make decisions with limited resources as to best satisfy client’s wants, needs, and desires”. Resources available to the construction industry may be appropriately allocated and optimally used to products and services. Evaluation of the total (life cycle) costs of alternative solutions to the problem of meeting the requirements of a …
These areused primarily to excavate earth and load into hauling units such as trucks ortractor pulled wagons or in conveyer belt etc. Shovels can be used to excavateall type of soils except hard rocks without prior loosening. The quantityof materials that can be hauled by the loader depends upon its bucket capacity.Loader bucket capacities are …
Preparation of a cost analysis Theprimary purpose for using cost analysis of construction project provides usefulsource of cost information. Any form ofcost analysis should be provided in standard way with the following. Informationon the total project Summaryof element costs with preliminaries shown separately and also apportioned amongthe elements Abrief specification in …
Cofferdam is a temporary structure builtfor the purpose of excluding or soil sufficiently to permit construction toproceed without excessive pumping, and to support the surrounding ground.
Steel structure may be design three methods.Elastic design Plastic design Limit sate designElastic design is the traditional method. Steel is almostperfectly elastic up to the yield point and elastic theory is a very goodmethod on which ton base design.
Now a day’s Aluminium formworks used to construction for High Rise Buildings. Probably the most versatile modern construction system, aluminium formwork system. This produces a lightweight panel with an excellent stiffness to weight ratio, yielding minimal deflections under concrete loading.
The strength of concrete depends upon the amount of cement content, quality and grading of aggregates, water of concrete ratio, compaction and curing Strength of concrete increase very fast in the initial stage. In the 7 days, the strength gained is as much as 60 to 65present of 25 days strength it is customary to assume …
Comparison stone masonry and brick masonry Construction ofbrick masonry is quick as the uniform size and regular shape of bricksfacilitates in maintaining proper alignment. Whereas, the dressing and handlingof stone need more time and extra labour in the construction of stone masonry. Stone masonrypossesses higher strength, durability and weather resisting quantities thanbrick masonry Brick masonryhas …
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